Notes- Rome

Punic War 1
Started when?
Started because of Sicily
This puts Rome on map
Hamelcar father of Hannibal who was taught to hate Romans
Cannae, Italy
Got w/in 50 miles of Rome but doesn’t have anything left to fully siege the city.

Punic War 2 (Battle of Zama)
Starts w/ invasion
Southern Spain Northern Africa- Carthage
Corsica Sardinia Sicily & most of Italy- Rome

Hannibal never able to siege Rome
Goes back to Carthage, where he is beaten by Scipio Africanus
Cato the elder

Romans invade Africa
Sack Carthage
Scipio Aemilianus




Villa Culutre- villa- country houses, senators stayed in in weekends, had weapons & armor

Gracchi- Brothers; Tiberius & Gaius known as tribune, get assassinated in 2 separate events, marks beginning of bloody years.

Marius & Sulla- both won great battles, they butt heads; Social War involves Marius, they are sent to stop the uprising in Rome. 1st civil war- Marius & Sulla fight against each other; Marius is no match for Sulla, loses, and has to leave Rome

Dominant political figure of 1st century Julius Caesar
Born in 100 BCE lived to 44 BCE
Family called the Juli-eye
Runs for senate & then consul
Caesar decides to become popular with the people, not the patricians
Political group- Optimares- some patricians, gained power from other patricians, Populares- some patricians, gained power from common folk.
After he is consul he is sent to Gaul
Asterix & Oblix lived in last town to not be occupied by Rome
Caesar conquers all of Gaul & lower part of England
People love Caesar, which makes senate very nervous
Senate says battles in Gaul were illegal
He could either loose court case & imprisoned or start a Civil War
He starts a Civil War
Crosses the Rubicon- says The die has been cased
Senate gets behind Pompey
Caesar vs. Pompey
Caesar had utmost respect for Pompey
They go to Spain 1st
They fight all over the Mediterranean
The final battle is the battle of Pharsalus
Mark Antony helps Caesar win battle
Pompey escapes battle & goes to Egypt, but assassins decapitate him
Caesar creates alliance w/ Egypt because he has an affair w/ Cleopatra
Goes back to Rome & is named dictator for life
Power grows more and more
Brutus & others plot to kill him



Romance languages come from the provinces of Rome

Herodotus-wrote history during Persian war; nown as father of history; concentrates on persian war; goes 2 places where history happened

Thucydides-lived after hero; wrote peloponnesian war

Livy-roman historian; wrote romulus & remus ^ 2 his time.